Valve mechanism



Junge 16, 1925.

F. M. GUY ET AL.

VALVE MECHANISM Filed Oct. 8, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l NvENToRs TTORNEV June 16, 1925.

F. M. GUY E+ Al.

vALvn MEcHANIsu med oct. 8,l -1921 2 snm-snm 2' Patented June 16, 1925.`

UNITED STATES f FREDERICK M. GUY .AND OSMOND D. HEAVENRICH, F YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN.

israel? PATENTIOFFICE.;

VALVE MECHANISM. I .6. i

Application led October 8, 1921. i Serial No. 506,264.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, FREDERICK M. GUY, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and OsMoND D. HEAVENRIGH, a citizen of the United States, and both residents of Ypsilanti, in the count-y of l/Vashtenaw and Sta-te` of Michigan, hav-e invented cert-ain new and useful Improvements in Valve Mechanism,

of which the following is a specification.

lOur invention relates to valve mechanism and particularly to the construction of, valves adapted for use ininternal combus-` tion motors, and mechanism for operating same, althoughv the invention is notk limited in its applicability to suchuse. An object of the invention is to provide an effective form of valve which will open and close in a comparatively noiseless and frictionless manner, which will 4open a large i0 port area quickly and which when openwill be and closingwill cause the seating surface of the valve to wipe against the surface on which itseats so as to keep the surfaces free from carbon or yother harmful substances.

Other objects of the invention consist in the improved co-mbinations of parts and construction of elements of the apparatus,

all as will'be more fully describedin the P following specification Y and particularly pointed out in the` appended claims.

In the preferred form of construction, these advantageous features are obtained by providing the valve with a spherically' curved face or engaging surface, this valve seating against a seat which is similarly curved, the Vseating surface heilig formed about the same center as the valve. The valve isy pivoted about a pin which extends across the axis of the opening at the edge of which the valve seat is formed. An operating member is mounted axially of this opening and oscillates about its axis and is so connected to thevalve as'to cause pivotal movement of the latter during the oscillations of the operating member.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood attent-ion is hereby directed to the accompanying drawings forming part of this application, andillustrating, by way of' example, one embodiment thereof. Y v v v In the drawings, y Y

Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through a cylinder head provided with the invention,

balanced.- Also, the valve in openingthis view being taken on section line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a partial pla-n viewof the cylinder head and valve operatingy mechanism therefor, ycertain parts being remo-ved;

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view' correspending to that shown in Fig. l'but illustrating the vvalve in its opened position;

Figs. 4; and 5 are respectively sections. on ling I-lt of Fig. 1 and line 5--5 of Fig. 3; an

Fig. 6 isa side elevation of the valve shown in Fig. 1. c j

AReferring to the drawings, the valve `is shown as adapted for use as an intake valve vfor an internal combustionmotor, it being understood that the valve may as well be used as an exhaust valve for such a motor and that it may be used for other purposes. In the embodiment shown in the drawings the cylinderhead 1 of usual design has a casting 2 mounted thereon in which f is formed the intake passage 3 leading to the combustion chamber 4 of the cylinder.' The valve seat 5 is formed about the edgc'of an opening 6 in the lower surface of member 2, connecting the passage 3 with combustion chamber 4f. Valve seat 5 is of spherical curvature, the center about which this curved surface is formed being indicated in` Fig. 1 at 61 slightly below the seat. The valve 7 is provided with a face or seating surfacev 8 of spherical curvature, the center of which is also at the point, 61. Valve 7 preferably has parallel Aupper and lower plane surfaces, its

curved seating surface thus being formed about the periphery of adisc, the center of curvature of the seating surface of the valve being located slight-ly below' the disc. p

Valve 7 is adapted to swing about a pivot pin 9 which extends across the axis of the opening 6 at right angles thereto, the center of curvature 61 located on the axis of this pin.

of the valve and seat being Pin 9 is supported by a vertical'stem` 10 which is co-axial with openingk 6 about which the valve seat is formed. This 'stem extends through a Lsleeve 11 which extends through Y a suitable opening in the member 2 and is rotatable therein. Valve 7 is provided with a central downwardly frame extending portion 12 provided with a recess 13 which is open at the upper surface of the valve. The stem 10 is cylindrical for the greater portion of its length but is flat tened adjacent its lower end as indicated at 14, and this Hattened portion extends down through opening 13 int-o the interior of the boss or downward extension 12 of ,the valve, the pivot pin 9 for the valve extending through the flattened end portion 111 of stein 10 and into the portions of the boss 12 of the valve at each side of the 'opening 13 therein.

Stem 10 is resiliently pressed upwardly, in the form of apparatus illustrated, so .as to tend to hold the valve up against its seat. For this purpose the upper end portion of 4stem 10 is provided with a pair of grooves 141 on Vopposite sides thereof and an arm 15 is bifurcated' at its end to provide a pair of end Vportions 16, 16, which engage in 4the `grooves 141. Arm 15 is pivoted at 1'? to an upwardly extending portion of 1nember 2. A vertical Vpin 18 extends downwardly through an opening in the tail of Aarm 154 and is .supported by member 2, as by being threaded into ascrew-threaded open- LLI ing therein as indicated at 19. The pin or bolt A18 is provided with a head 2O at its upper end and a spring 21 is coiled about the pin between head 2O and the upper surface of the tail portion Vof arm 15 so as to constantly press the end lportions 16 of the arm upwardly. By this arrangement the valve i' will 'be 'held up against its seat in spite of suction -be'low the `saine or pressure above the same.

Sleeve member 11 is provided with a collar, or y,the like, at .its upper end to ,prevent the same from dropping down through the opening in which it is rotatably mounted. As shown in the drawings this may take the form of Aa clamp 22 which is secured about lthe upper end of the sleeve and secured thereto, as by means of the bolt 23, clamp 22 beingrotatahly mounted on a boss 24- on .the upper surface of frame member 2. p Sleeve 11 may be oscillated about its axis in any suitable manner for operating the valve. As shown in the drawings, lclamp 22 may be Vprovided with an upward extension lhaving a,pin 26 .positioned eccentrically on the Vupper surface thereof. This pin '26 is positioned 'to kslidably engage in a cam groove'27 in a disc 23secured'to shaft 29. The latter is supported insuitable bearings carried by brackets 30 extending upwardly above member 12. vShaft 29 being continuously rotated, iit will follow that sleeve 11 is periodically oscillated from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. '3 and then lback again.

A connection is provided Ibetween sleeve 11 and valve 37 such Ithat the -oscillation of the `sleeve about itsaxis will cause valve 7 to swing about it-s'pivot pin 9. In the ^construction illustrated valve 7 is provided with Ian y'e'ecentrically positioned upwardly extending pin 31 having a ball 32 formed at its upper end. Sleeve 11 is provided at its lower end with a laterally extending lug 33 having a recess therein which is open at the bottom so that ball 32 will extend into the same when the parts are assembled. The recess should be deep enough to allow ball 32 to ,move up and down therein during pivotal movement of the valve about pin 9, as will be explained, and suicient clearance should be provided on pin 81 under ball 32 to prevent interference with the edges of the recess in lug 33 during such movement.

It will be noted that with this construction the spherical center, 61, of the valve re` mains fixed in position during operation, the action of spring 21 and arm 15 being to hold the valve art all times against its spherically-formed seat, regardless of any wear or expansion or contraction of the parts. Movement of stem 10 in an axial or up and down direction will occur only in case of expansion or contraction of the parts due to varying heat conditions, or in ease of foreign matter such as carbon getting v between the valve and its seat.

.Vith this construction it will vbe clear that oscillation of sleeve 11 from the posi,- tion shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 3 will cause the movement ,of valve 7 about itsA pivot 9 from the Fig. 1 position to the Fig. 3 position, since the valve can only swing about its Apivot and such movement is accordingly caused `by the lateral pressure of lug 33 on `ball 32, 'ball 32 moving upwardly a slight amount inthe recess in lug 33 during the Afirst half of this pivotal movement and then downwardly during the latter half of the movement. This is of course true because ofthe fact that ball 32 describes an arc about pin 9 during the movement of the valve, and the socket or recess in which the ball engages swings in a horizontal plane during the oscillation of sleeve 11, pin 9 neither 'rising 'nor 4ra'lling during the movement.

Since the coacting surfaces of the valv and its seat are spherical surfaces forme.r

about the same unchanging center, the valve` Y and itsseat will always remain in Contact. an increasing amount of `valve surface en-l gaging the seat as the valve closes, and the amount of |valve surface engaging the s at decreasing as the valve opens, a small amount of valve vsurface remaining lin contact with the seat when the valve is yin its wide open position. `Because of this continuing contact lthe valve willloperate with a minimum of noise. It will likewise be obvious that the described movement of the valve, about a centrally positioned axis, will effect a quick opening and closing of the port, and will provide a construction in which Athe valve is balanced Iin its various positions, so that there will be a minimum of friction, and alsok that the closing and opening of the valve will tend to wipe off the engaging surfaces. 1

The described movement of valve 7 about its pivot pin 9` is, of course,.permitted by the provision of the slot 13 in the valve through which the lower portion of stem l()` extends.

Then the valve is wide open such a small amount of valve and seat surface remain inv contact that considerable wear kwould be caused, if provision were not made to prevent the same. I we preferably provide the valve with a pair of downwardly extending lugs 34e, 34;. When the valve is swung into its open position, asv

shown in Figs. 3 and 5, lugs 34 will engage, as they rise from below the seat, against the spherical seating surface 5, these lugs having the same spherical surface as the main body of the valve. They will accordingly seat against seating surface and will provide additional bearing surface in the open position of thevalve, thereby preventing excessive Vwear of the surfaces which engage when the valve is in open position. The valve described may, ofcourse, be applied to the various cylinders of an engine. In Fig. 2 the sleeve l1 and clamp V22 at the lowerk portion of the figure are indicated as turned into the position occupied when the valve is closed, while Yin` the construction shown at the upper portion of this figure the sleeve 111 and clamp 221 of the valve mechanism illustrated` are shown in the position occupied when the valve is open, the cam disc of this mechanism being removed so as to more clearly show the parts underneath the same.

it will be understood that the invention is not limited strictly to the details of construction described but is Las broad asis indicated by the accompanying claims.

That we claim is Y l. In a valve construction, the combination of a member having a passagewayV and a port therein with a valve seat ofspherical curvature extending around the edge of the port, a disc valve having aspherical seating surface about its edge, formed about the saine center as said seat, adapted to lit within said port, said center being in the axis of said port, at a short distance from the plane normal to said axis midway between the upper and lower edges kof the port, means providing a'center of rotation for said valve, situated at the center of curvature of the valve, meansfsupporting said center means, adjustable in the axial direction of said port, and means for swinging said valve about said pivot, through said port, to open and close the same. 2. In a valve construction,V the combination of a member havingy a passageway and a port therein with a valve seat of spherical To overcome this diiicultyy curvature extending'aroundthe edge of the port, a disc valve havinga spherical seating f surface about its edge, formed about they same center as said seat, adapted to tit within said port, said center being in the axis of said port, at a short distance from the plane normal toy said axis midway between the upper and lower edges of the port, means providing a center of rotation for said valve, situated Y`at the center of curvature of the valve, means supporting said center means, adjustable in the axial direction of said port, means coacting with said supporting means, for resiliently holding the valve against its seat, and means lfor swinging rsaid valve about said center means, through said port, to open and close the same.

3. In a kvalve construction, thefcombina.-

tion of a member having a passageway and an opening therein witli'a rvalve seat of spherical curvature extending around the edge of the opening, a valve having a spherif cal seating surface formed about the same center as said seat, adapted to it within said opening and to swing through the same in opening, means providing a center of rota tionfor said valve at the center of curvature thereof, and means having aball and socket connection with said valve for swinging said valve'about said pivot to open and close the same. l f 1l. Vln a valve construction, the combination of a member having an opening therein constituting a valve seat, a valve adapted to cover saidv opening and to swing through the saine when opening, a supporting member, a. pivot pin carried thereby, on which ing parallel tosaid opening, a member ex-` tending axially of said opening, adapted to' oscillate about its axis, means supporting said supporting member resiliently, adapted to hold said valve, against its seat, and conneotions between said oscillating member and said valve for swinging said valve about said pivot pin as said member oscillates.

5. Iii-a valve construction, the combination of a member having aniopening therein constituting a valve seat, a valve adapted to cover said opening, a longitudinally adinstable stem extending axially' of said opening, a pivot pin carried thereby, on which saidvva-lve is centrally pivoted, said pin extendingacross the axis of saidv opening at right angles thereto, a sleeve about said llO stem, adapted to oscillate about its axis, and y Uri corresponding tending across the axis 4of said opening at rightaugles thereto, .a sleeve .about saidrStem, adapted to oscillate about its axis, and a ball and .socket connection between said sleeve and valve for .swinging said valve about its pivot as said sleeve oscillates. l

7. In a valve construction, the combina* tion of a member having an opening therein constituting a valve seat, a valveadapted to'cover said opening, fa stem extending axially of said opening, a kpivot pin carried thereby, on which saidvalve is pivoted, said pin extending across the axis of said open# ing at right angles thereto, Ia sleeve about said stein, adapted to osci'llate about its axis, said sleeve having a lateral extension and said valve having an extension engaging therewith, whereby oscillation of said sleeve causes pivotal movement of ,said valve.

8'. ln a valve construction, the combination of a member having anopening therein having a valve seat of spherical curvature extending around the edge of the opening, a valve having a corresponding .spherical seating surface adapted to fit within said opening, a pivot pin yfor said valve at the centerlof curvature thereof, situated below said seat, said valve having a recess therein, a. stem extending axially of said opening from above the same into Isaid recess, and carrying said pin, an oscillating mer'nber parallel to saidv stem, and connections between said member and valve for swinging said valve about its pivot as said Amember oscillates.

9. In a valve construction, the combination of a member having an opening therein having a valve seat ofspherical curvature at the edge of the opening, a valve having a Y spherical seating v surface adapted to lit within said opening, :a pivot pin forsaid ,valve at the center O fcurvature thereof, situated below said seat, said valve having a recess therein, a. stem extending axiall7 of said opening .from above the same into said recess, and carrying said ,p in, a spring acting upon said stem, tending to hold surface of said valve, ab all times, against its seat, and means for swinging said valve about its pivot. l'

l0. ln a valve construction, the combination of a member having an opening therein constituting a valve seat, a valve adapted to cover said opening, a' member to which said valve `is pivoted iiithe of said opening, a member mounted to oscillate through an are across said axis, and a pinand socket connection between said last named member and valv e adaptedtoswing said valve about its pivot as said lastnamed member oseillates, said pin and socket connection being constructed to permit relative axial movementbetween the pin end soeket during such movement.

l1, ln a valve construction, the combinaw tion of a member having an opening therein having a'valve seat ofsgherical curvature at the edge of the opening, a valve having a corresponding spherical seating surface adapted to fit within said opening, a pivot pin for said valve at the center of curvature thereof, situated below said seat,` a member carrying said pin, an oscillating member extending Vaxially of said opening, a 5pin and socket connection `between said oscillating member and valve, adapted to cause pivotal movement of said valve, and spring means acting on said pivot-pin-carrying member, to hold said valve, when closed, against its seat, and to hold portions of the surface of ,saidfvalve against said seat during the pivotal movement thereof.

1 2. In a valve constructiom'the combination of a member having a passageway and a ,port therein with a valve seat of spherical curvature extending around `the edge of the port, a disc valve having a spherical seating surface about its edge, formed about the saine `center as Isaid seat, adapted to fit v' hin said port, said center being in the axis of said port, at a short distance from the plane normal to said axis miduf'ay between the upper and lower edges ,of the port, a pivot pin for said Yvalve at said center of curvature, means supporting said pivot pin, ,adjustable'in the lengthwise direction of said port, a member mounted to oscillate through an are transverse to said axis, and connections between said .member and valve, for swinging said valve about its pivot as said member oscillate's. y i

lin a valve construction, the combination of a member .having an opening therein having a valve seat of spherical curvature at the edge of the opening, a valve having a corresponding salicrical seating surface adapted to fit within said opening, a pivot pin for said valve at the center of ci'lrvature thereof, below said seat, a member carryingvsaid pin, an oscillating member extend ing axially of said opening, a pin and socket connection between said oscillating member and valve, and spring means acting at all times to press said valve against its at, said valve having means thereon for bearing against said seat onlyv when the valve is in open position.

le. ln a valve construction, Vthe combina-- tion of a member having an opening therein having a valve seat of spherical curvature at theedge of the opening, a valve having a corresponding spherical seating surface adapted to fit within said opening, a pivot pinforr said valve atthe center of curvature thereof, Vbelow said scat, and means for 0j said valve through said opening about said pivot pin, said valve having lugs with spherically curved surfaces thereon adapted to engage said when the valve is in open position,

15. In a valve construction, the eombinationof a lneinbei having an opening therein having; a Valve Seat of spherical curvature extending about the edge of the opening, a dise valve having,` a Corresponding kspherical seating surface formed about the same center as said seat, adapted to t within said opening, and means for swinging said Valve through said opening about said center, said valve having spherical Curved means theie- 10 on for bearing against seid seat only when;

the Valve is in open position.

n testimony whereof, we have signed ou names to this specification.

FREDERICK M. GUY. y OSMOND D. HEAVENRICH. 

